Netra+P.

**Wikipost # 1 **  Do you know that smoking marijuana effect in genetic? But this is the one most debating topic in present world or studies. Many people studies about marijuana effect and most of them got different result. One experimental study published in the journal chemical Research in Toxicology (2), the investigator reported that the Carcinogenic potential of the marijuana is recognized by a compound like Acetaldehyde. The Lead investigator Mr. Singh suggested that Acetaldehyde has the capacity to alter the stable structure of DNA to cause mutations that leading to cancers and other diseases. Smoking marijuana can lead to genetic damage. Another study reported in The Journal of Toxicological science (3) suggested that smoking marijuana encourages oxidative stress in the biological cells. As a result of stress it reactive oxygen species are produced which are known to cause gene mutations as the result DNA damage. Marijuana and its constitutive cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), and cannabidiol (CBD) is obviously affect mammalian cells. One study done by Cytogenetic has discovered that cannabinoids make chromosome irregularities in both in vivo and in vitro studies. Those irregularities include chromosomal break, deletions, translocations, errors in chromosomal segregation, and hypoploidy and are due to the clastogenic action of cannabinoids or cannabinoid-induced disruption of mitotic events or both. Cannabinoids also destroy macromolecular synthesis (DNA, RNA, and protein) as well as reduce the level of histone gene expression.
 * __ Smoking Marijuana Effects Genetic __**

The influence of adolescent marijuana use on adult psychosis is affected by genetic variables. This figure shows that variations in a gene can affect the likelihood of developing psychosis in adulthood, following exposure to cannabis in adolescence. The COMT gene governs an enzyme that breaks down dopamine, a brain chemical involved in schizophrenia. It comes in two forms: "Met" and "Val." Individuals with one or two copies of the Val variant have a higher risk of developing schizophrenic-type disorders if they used cannabis during adolescence (dark bars). Those with only the Met variant were unaffected by cannabis use.

Diagram showing the structure of genetic material. Typical humans have two pairs of 23 chromosomes — one of each pair inherited from each biological parent. The MGLL gene, identified as impacting cannabis dependence outcomes in the context of childhood trauma in this study, is located on chromosome 3. (Credit: Cancer Research UK / Wikimedia Commons)

THC’s chemical structure is similar to the brain chemical anandamide. Similarity in structure allows drugs to be recognized by the body and to alter normal brain communication.

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Further Reading:

[] ( find all the artical and research about marijuana) [] ( marijuana used for medical and other marijuana research) [] ( Causes of marijuana )

[] (Research on how marijuana or cannabis alter DNA and it's effect on body)


 * Wikipost #2**

**__EVOLUTION OF THE TIGER__** The ancestor of the all modern Tiger is Miacids, an ancient carnivore that lives over 62 million years ago. The similarities between them and the modern tigers are uncanny. The four legs, patterned fur, and tail are all similarities between the two creatures. Other ancestors of the modern tiger were South China Tiger and the Bengal Tiger. Through DNA testing, fossil discovery and scientific research, they proved that south China Tiger and Bengal Tiger were the offspring of the Miacid. But south china Tiger were slowly extinct due to hunting but Bengal Tiger migrated into India around 12 million years ago and still survives today. Miacid transformation includes very short legs but they had long claws so they could escape from hunters by climbing up trees. They also had very long and thin teeth so they could be regrown easily ever it broken. They also hunted in large groups and Miacid also have small size digestive system so that they was able to digest almost everything Miacid ate, such as insects and meat. The modern Tiger transformations are the tiger’s striped coat that helps them blend in with the sunlight shining into the jungle floor. Modern Tiger also have good sense of hearing that made easier for communicate. They have an adaptation in their retinas which allows more sunlight to reflect into their eyes that made easier for them to see in the dark, and they have large and long teeth and coverable nails that help in hunting. They both had long teeth so it was easy to hunt, but Miacids did not have striped skin like modern tigers do. The modern tigers have much better hearing than Miacids. Tigers have extremely good hearing and Tiger also pick up ultrasound. That was helpful adaptation because tigers live in forests, and Ultrasound can travel through trees and other plants and animals over long distances.

Representing a new species, the skull isn't that different from those of modern tigers, suggesting evolution hit on a winning formula early on and stuck with it.



It appears that all modern cats  developed about 10.8 million years ago in Southeast Asia. These were not the first cats . Nimravids, similar to a saber-tooth, date back 35 million years ago, but there descendants went extinct long ago.



Modern cats first appeared about 10,8 million years ago.

The ancestors of tigers, along with those of Jaguars, Leopards, Lions and Snow Leopards,

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Tahoma,Calibri,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: small;">split off from the other ancestral cat lineages early in the evolution to the group known as todays Panthera lineage.

It is believed that modern tigers all stem from the Miacid, an ancient carnivore that lived over 62 million years ago.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 23.66px;">media type="youtube" key="HZgRPJqvEoU" width="560" height="315"media type="youtube" key="AdGGCDopHV4" width="560" height="315" <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 23.66px;">//**Sources:**//

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 23.66px;">Further Reading:

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Wikipost 3

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">After marijuana smoke the chemical on marijuana Tetrahydrocannabinol act on cannabinoid receptor which was found on neuron on many places in the brain. Those brain areas are involved in memory the hippocampus, (concentration) cerebral cortex (perception sensory portions of the cerebral cortex) and movement (the cerebellum, substantia nigra, globus pallidus). When Tetrahydrocannabinol activates cannabinoid receptors then it interferes with the normal functioning of this brain area and it causes <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">When people get high Marijuana: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Scientists don’t know why the people brain has Cannabinoid receptors but they know that it interacted with THC. They thought that brain must make some kind of substance that naturally acted on these receptors. In 1992, they found the answer...anandamide. Anandamide is the brain's own THC (just like "endorphin" is the brain's own morphine). But still they don’t know the function of the Anandamide in normal brain? Marijuana effect starts as soon as smoke in between 1-10 min after some and last 3-4 hours or longer. Experiments have shown that THC can affect two neurotransmitters: norepinephrine and dopamine. Serotonin and GABA levels may also be altered.
 * //__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">Effects of Marijuana on the Nervous System __//**
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">1. Sleeping
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. Reduce blood pressure
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">3. Disruption in attention
 * 4) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">4. Relaxation
 * 5) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">5. reduced coordination
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">1. hallucinations
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. delusions
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">3. impaired memory
 * 4) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">4. Disorientation.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Several areas of the brain have high densities of these receptors, which accounts for the different effects that the drug has on us.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Some of the impact on our nervous system is positive and the stimulus from cannabinoids can respond the negative effect of certain medical conditions. There are however also some opposing effects that arise from long time use, mainly those affecting the hippocampus and the long term memory. Long-term use can also lead to a psychological condition called psychosis, which is often characterized by loss of contact with reality, resulting in unusual



This picture explain if people some marijuana at small age then what will happen.

Marijuana effect on different part of body

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__//**Sources**//__ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> [] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">[|https://www.google.ca/search?q=effects+of+marijuana+on+the+nervous+system&biw=1366&bih=643&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=0ahUKEwjxhJX9mqvNAhVXKFIKHR44AckQ_AUIBigB&dpr=1#imgrc=eU5oBdqZivdAJM%3A] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">[]

__ **//**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Further reading **//** __

[] On this website I found lots of article about marijuana and research about marijuan a [] Here I found 18 Effect of Marijuana and explain about it [] how does marijuana produce it effect and different between normal and marijuana brain [] (this article explain how marijuana effect our brain)