Jean+M.

= **__Evolution in a Nut Shell__** = ====If you were to look up evolution in the dictionary you would find it stated as any process of formation of growth; development(dictionary.com). It is about changes in a certain population (species) that has the same habitat and location. In a nut shell that is what evolution is, but in this wiki post we are going to go deeper and explore what evolution really is. Evolution works on a genetic level, evolution results in changes of genes that get passed on or inherited from one generation to another see figure #1. As you see in the picture it is of a chromosome from a gene that makes up who you are. Without gene mutation we would maybe still be an ape rather than the humans we are today. When evolution is successful then it will help the organism to survive, to reproduce and to raise offspring. For more information check out [|http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0932663.html]. ====

**GENETICS (Figure #1) **
=Intro Continue = Now that you have the basics of what evolution is, we are going to watch the video below labeled Evolution in Four Minutes, it will give you a brief yet very informative idea of what evolution is and who helped discover some key facts to what evolution is today.

Evolution in Four Minutes (video)
media type="youtube" key="lii2x6Nk8Bg" width="560" height="315"

acronym CTAG(cytosine, thymine, adenine, and guanine).
= = = = = = = = = Watson and Crick (figure #2) = ==== The first DNA model was discovered by Watson and Crick (see figure #2) by using x-ray crystallography from Rosalind Franklin. It was her work that showed the double helix structure otherwise known as picture 51. Rosalind Franklin had a conflict with one of her colleagues named Maurice Wilkins who ended up disclosing Rosalind's picture 51 without Rosalind's knowledge and permission. By Maurice taking Rosalind's picture he changed how DNA would be looked at forever. Watson and Crick were the ones who used Ms. Franklin's picture 51 to make the first ever DNA model(see figure #2). The information Watson and Crick got from picture 51 was a massive break through in DNA history and it won them a noble prize. The three key pieces of information you should get from figure 1 is that it was 2 nanometers apart, it is a double helix and it is made up of two strands. This break through of DNA is said to be the most important biological find in over 100 years! For more information on Watson and Crick please check out this website [], It is chalk full of really good information and has a more in depth look at DNA and Watson and Crick. Another great website to check out to read more about Rosalind and how Maurice stole her picture that she worked her life on would be here[], it is super intriguing and it goes to show no matter how smart you are someone can always cheat. ====

** Picture 51 (figure #3) **


= = = = = = = Everyday life on Human Evolution and the First Europeans = ==== Scientist's have been digging and researching the evolution of man for as long as anyone can remember and since the 1980's archaeologists have dug up a whooping 32 individuals that date back to about 300 000 years ago. These individuals were found in a chamber at the bottom of a 45 foot shaft that is known as the pit of bones! The oldest piece of a European found in the pit of bones was young males skull that dated back to 780 000 years ago and was discovered in 1994. This young male belonged to the species Homo heidelbergensis. The pit of bones is believed by some British archaeologist that it was part of a spiritual ritual where they would burry their dead. These were the oldest European humans to be discovered and I'm sure they will not be the last. For more information on the earliest European species, feel free to check out ==== [].

= The Beginning = ==== The first ape that was even remotely close to humans came from Africa around 6 million years ago and had two distinct features that set it apart from the other apes; small canine teeth as oppose to the long canine teeth that almost all primates have and bipedalism or otherwise known as two walking legs as their way of moving. The first years of ape to human which was 6-4 million years ago were badly documented in fossils but we do know that there was a cross over from ape to human as we see in (Figure #4). ==== = (Evolution #4) =

= = = = = = = Sources = [] [] [] [] [] [] []

= __ The Nervous System __ = === The Nervous system consists two very important things; one of them being your spinal cord and the other being your nerves. Together they control some very important things in your life that you may take for granted, walking for example or smelling, or even feeling are all controlled by your nervous system and in this wikipost you will see why it is so important. If anything goes wrong with your nervous system you can have trouble moving, breathing, speaking or even swallowing and there are over 600 different neurological diseases! The nervous system is very complex and sophisticated in the way that it controls your bodies movements. There is the CNS or Central Nervous System and the PNS or the Peripheral Nervous System and each one plays a very different role. The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord while the PNS consists of all other neutral elements as seen in figure 1. More information at [].=== Figure 1

= Diseases  =

Some diseases you could get in your nervous system are as follow:
> [] > [] > [] > [] > [] > [] > [] > []
 * 1) Huntington's Disease- Faulty Genes: more information at []
 * 2) Muscular dystrophy- Faulty Genes: more information at
 * 1) Spina bifida- A problem the way Nervous System Developed: more info at
 * 1) Degenerative diseases- Nerve cells could be damaged or dead: more info at
 * 1) Parkinson's disease- Nerve Cells could be damaged or dead: more info at
 * 1) Alzheimer's disease- Nerve Cells could be damaged or dead: more info at
 * 1) Stroke- disease of the blood vessels that supply oxygen to the brain: more info at
 * 1) Meningitis-Infection of the brain: more info at
 * 1) Cancer- Brain tumors: more info at []
 * 2) Epilepsy- Seizure Disorder: more info at

media type="youtube" key="x4PPZCLnVkA" width="560" height="315" === If you by pass this guys goofy looks you will see he has a lot of good information on the nervous system and how it works! He goes into what the spinal cord does and all of the specialized cells we have in our bodies that we don't find anywhere else. He then talks about how signals work and how receptor neurons works etc etc! Than after lots of gibber jabber he goes into how the nervous system keeps us alive and how we'd all be dead without it! The video maybe a little cliché at times but it is full of all the brainy goodness this wiki post is about, so enjoy and watch carefully! :) ===

= = = RANDOM FACTS ABOUT THE NERVOUS SYSTEM! =

-The total Surface Area of the human brain is approx. 25 000 square cm!


= MIND = BLOWN  =

= = I know right, some pretty snazzy facts about the nervous system!

Sources: [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] []